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Harvard Style of Citing References |
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Reference to Parliamentary, Government and Official PublicationsOfficial reporting in Parliament takes the form of debates in the House of Commons (HC) or House of Lords (HL) and, since 1999, Westminster Hall (WH), which allow House of Commons MPs to raise local or national issues and receive a response from a government minister. If you are unsure which of these documents you are trying to reference, consult your Subject Librarian. |
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Written Questions and Answers/ written Ministerial Statements |
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The in text citation is in the standard Author / Government Body (year) format e.g. Business Secretary Alok Sharma (2012) warned that there was a long way still to go in the negotiations. OR The Inquiry into used tyre disposal considered environmental impact of industrial waste (Northern Ireland Assembly. Committee for the Environment, 2014). |
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Hansard Debates |
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UK ParliamentSpeaker or Author Surname, INITIAL(s). Subject of debate or speech. HC or HL Deb Date of proceedings, vol number, column number(s). e.g. Sharma, A. Britain’s place in the world, HC Deb 15 October 2019, vol 666, col 186. Westminster HallSpeaker or Author Surname, INITIAL(s). Subject of debate or speech. HC Deb Date of proceedings, vol number, column number(s)WH. e.g. Sobel, A. Covid-19 vaccine roll-out. HC Deb 11 January 2021, vol 687, cols 32-35WH. If viewed online, you may add the URL and [Accessed date]. e.g. Sharma, A. Britain’s place in the world, HC Deb 15 October 2019, vol 666, cols 186. Available from: https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2019-10- 15/debates/72FE82BC-9A40-459A-A023-B3EA851DEB6E/ BritainSPlaceInTheWorld [Accessed 19 November 2019]. NI Assembly at Stormont (also called the Official Report)Speaker or Author Surname, INITIAL(s). Subject of debate or speech. NIA Deb Date of proceedings, vol number, page(s). e.g. Lo, A. Medical termination of pregnancy. NIA Deb 10 February 2016, vol 112, 92-94. The Official Report webpage cannot link to the exact page reference. Therefore, it is recommended that you cite as print only. |
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Written Questions and Answers/ Written Ministerial Statements |
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UK Parliament at WestminsterPre September 2014, written questions, answers or statements were recorded as part of Hansard debates, i.e. Author Surname, INITIAL(s). Subject of question, answer, statement, HC or HL Deb Date of proceedings, vol number, col number(s)W or WS (if written statement) e.g. Proctor, H. White paper, “Northern Ireland: a framework for devolution”, HC Deb 1 July 1982, vol 26, col 377W. From Sep 2014, these items have been recorded on the Written Questions and Answers and Written Statements database on the Parliament website. The volume and column details are dropped when using this source. Author Surname, INITIAL(s). (Year of proceedings) Subject matter. Parliament: written questions and answers and written statements, Day and Month, HC or HL question or statement number. Available from: URL [Accessed date]. e.g. Johnson, B. (2019) Brexit deal. Parliament: written questions and answers and written statements, 19 October, HC 23. Available from: www.parliament.uk/business/publications/written-questions-answers-statements/written-statement/Commons/2019-10-19/HCWS23/ [Accessed 19 November 2019]. NI Assembly Questions and AnswersAuthor Surname, INITIAL(s). (Year of proceedings) Subject matter. Northern Ireland Assembly: questions / answers [as applicable], Day and Month, AQO or AQW number. Available from: URL [Accessed date]. e.g. Mullan, G. (2017) Number of Convictions for hit and run. Northern Ireland Assembly: questions. 8 December, AQW 8844/16-21. Available from: http://aims.niassembly.gov.uk/questions/search.aspx [Accessed 5 May 2020]. NI Assembly Written Ministerial StatementsAuthor Surname, INITIAL(s). (Year of proceedings) Subject matter. Northern Ireland Assembly: written ministerial statements, Day and Month. Available from: URL [Accessed date]. e.g. Murphy, C. (2020) Covid-19 response: funding allocations. Northern Ireland Assembly: written ministerial statements, 9 March. Available from: www.niassembly.gov.uk/assembly-business/official-report/written-ministerial-statements/department-of-finance---covid-19-response-funding-allocations/ [Accessed 5 May 2020]. |
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Parliamentary Committees |
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Great BritainHouse. Name of Committee (Year of publication) Title. Place of Publication: Publisher (House Session Years Paper Number). e.g. House of Commons. Home Affairs Committee (2015) Police investigations and the role of the Crown Prosecution Service: third report of session 2015-16. London: The Stationery Office (HC 2015-2016 534). Northern IrelandNorthern Ireland Assembly. Name of Committee (Year of publication) Title. Place of Publication: Publisher (Report Number). e.g. Northern Ireland Assembly. Committee for the Environment (2014) Inquiry into used tyre disposal. Belfast: The Stationery Office (Report 2011/15). |
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Parliamentary Briefing Papers |
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Author surname, INITIAL(S). (Year of publication) Title, Day and Month, CBP or LBP number. Available from: URL [ Accessed date]. e.g. Armstrong, H. (2018) Ministerial directions, 24 October, CBP-8412. Available from: https://researchbriefings.parliament.uk/ResearchBriefing/Summary/CBP-8412 [Accessed 10 February 2020]. |
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Command Papers |
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These include government policy documents (green papers and white papers); reports from investigative bodies, including Royal Commissions and the Competition Commission; administrative reports and statistics. Name of Department/Committee/Royal Commission (Year of publication) Title of publication. Place of publication: Publisher (Command Paper Abbreviation and Number). e.g. Department for Work and Pensions (2012) Social justice: transforming lives. London: The Stationery Office (Cm 8314). e.g. Sutherland, S. (1999) With respect to old age: long term care – rights and responsibilities. A report by the Royal Commission on long-term care. London: The Stationery Office (Cm 4192). Note: Use Cmd for 1919-1956, Cmnd for 1956-1986 and Cm for 1986 onwards. |
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Public Inquiries |
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Public inquiries may have been published as a command paper, in which case cite under the rules for command papers above, otherwise cite as follows: Chair Surname, INITIAL(s) or Title. Title of the inquiry report. Place of publication: Publisher (Report number). e.g. Hutton, Lord (2004) Report of the inquiry into the circumstances surrounding the death of Dr David Kelly C.M.G. London: The Stationery Office (HC 247). |
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Government Departmental Publications |
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Where names of devolved governmental departments are identical those at Westminster, e.g. Department of Health, the place of publication identifies the precise jurisdiction. Name of Department (Year) Title of report. Place of Publication: Publisher. If the author and publisher are identical, an abbreviation may be used for publisher instead. e.g. Department for Business, Innovation & Skills (2012) Business growth ambitions among SMEs. London: Department for Business, Innovation & Skills. e.g. Department of Health, Social Services and Public Safety (2015) Adult safeguarding prevention and protection in partnership. Belfast: DHSSPS. |
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Inter-Governmental Organisations |
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Name of Organisation (and main body, if relevant) (Year) Title of report. Place of publication: Publisher. If viewed online, add Available from: URL [Accessed date]. e.g. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (2010) Better regulation in Europe: United Kingdom 2010. Paris: OECD. e.g. European Commission (2003) Making globalisation work for everyone. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities. e.g. United Nations (2010) DDR in peacekeeping operations: a retrospective. New York: UN Department of Peacekeeping Operations. For other UN documents, e.g. treaties or items with UN document numbers, please refer to OSCOLA’s Citing International Law Sources guide. |
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