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Harvard Referencing Guide (not including LHS): Online journal article

Harvard Referencing Guide (not including LHS)

 

Harvard Style of Citing References

Reference to an online journal article

If you are certain that the copy of the article you find on a database or electronic journal is
identical to the printed version you may omit the URL and reference it as a printed journal article.


 

 

The in text citation is in the standard Author (year) format

i.e.

Grant (2007)


 
 

If the article has been located on a library database e.g. Business Source Premier, ABI Global or Emerald, then also give the database URL e.g. www.emeraldinsight.com, so:

Author's Surname, INITIALS. (Year) Title. Journal Title, volume (issue), page numbers (if available). Available from: database URL [Accessed Date].

e.g.

Toms, J.S. (2010) Calculating profit: a historical perspective on the development of capitalism. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 35 (2), 205-221. Available from: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science [Accessed 21 January 2021].

or if not from a library database:

Author's Surname, INITIALS. (Year) Title. Journal Title, volume (issue), page numbers (if available). Available from: URL [Accessed date].

e.g.

Grant, K. (2011) Knowledge management, an enduring but confusing fashion. The Electronic Journal of Knowledge Management, 9 (2), 1117-1131. Available from: http://www.ejkm.com/issue/download.html?idArticle=285 [Accessed 28 April 2021].

 

Articles with a Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

Follow guidance for online only journal article but omit URL and [Accessed date] and replace with the DOI. The DOI is a permanent, stable address and does not require an accessed date.

e.g.

Griffin, T. and Dimanche, F. (2017) Urban tourism: the growing role of VFR. Journal of Tourism Futures, 3 (2), 103-113. doi.org/10.1108/JTF-10-2016-0036

 

Article Number

An article may have an article number instead of page numbers. In this case, please include the article number and provide a full url and accessed date.

e.g.


Gao, T., Lim, S. and Yang, F. (2025) Space appropriation and interaction: how to promote social cohesion in high-density urban environments? Cities, 167, 106338. Available at https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264275125006390?via%3Dihub [Accessed 7th August 2025].