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Built Environment: Vancouver Referencing

Referencing

The information on this page about is for guidance only, variations are available. 

Always check with academic staff (lecturers/supervisors) before you begin to reference; ask which referencing style and layout you are required to use.

 

General information

Vancouver Referencing uses a numeric numbering system and is commonly found in biomedical, medical and science publications.

  • Cite in text using numbered references, in brackets (1) or superscript1.
    Choose one style and be consistent.
  • The same number is used whenever the source is cited in the piece of work.
  • The in text numbers are then matched to the sources complete details in the referencing list.
  • The reference list will match the order that sources appear not alphabetically by authors name.
  • In the reference list abbreviations are used for the titles of journals.

Additional Information

Imperial College London - Guide to the Vancouver Citing and Referencing Style

Help

Reference list examples

Books
One author
Hibbeler RC. Statics and mechanics of materials. Upper Saddle River: Pearson; 2018.

Up to six authors
Agarwal BD, Chandrashekhara K, Broutman LJ. Analysis and performance of fiber composites. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons; 2018.

More than 6 authors
Clifford M, Brooks R, Howe A, Kennedy A, McWilliam S, Pickering S et al. An introduction to mechanical engineering. part 1. London: Hodder Arnold; 2009.

Journal article
Bennett SA. Pilot workload and fatigue on short-haul routes: an evaluation supported by instantaneous self-assessment and ethnography. ‎J. Risk Res. 2018; 21(5): 645-677.

Website with an author
Yapp C. The road ahead: navigating AI's pitfalls. [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2018 Apr 22]. Available from: https://www.bcs.org/content/conWebDoc/59312

Website with an organisation as author
Engineering Council. Guidance on risk. [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2018 Apr 10] Available from:https://www.engc.org.uk/standards-guidance/guidance/guidance-on-risk/

Patents
Padley S, inventor. Thomson Hydraulics Ltd, assignee. Pressure isolating valve. United Kingdom patent GB 2463069. 2015 Nov 21.

Standards
British Standards Institution.  BS ISO 243:2014 Turning tools with carbide tips. External tools. London: BSI; 2014